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Choose a disinfectant

The action of a disinfectant is determined by its molecules, the type of surface to be treated and how it is applied. This is in line with our objectives of disinfection that we will choose the disinfectant to use.

Different Disinfectants and their Characterstics :
  • Chlorine compounds : Chlorine compound act by oxidation on cellular membrane of microorganisms.The main disadvantage of the use of Chlorine compounds is that they are corrosive. We must therefore limit their concentrations. The best known chlorine compound is the "Bleach" or Sodium Hypochlorite. Note that the lifetime of Chlorine compounds is limited and that they lose their effectiveness.

  • Aldehydes : Aldehydes denature proteins and nucleic acids of microorganisms. Les molécules les plus utilisées sont le Formaldehyde (Formalin) and Glutaraldehyde are the most used. At high concentration in the air they involve reactions in respiratory, skin and mucous membranes. Formaldehyde is considered as a carcinogen since 1st January 2007.

  • Quaternary ammonium compounds : Their use causes a disruption of plasma membrane and a leakage of cellular  components that lead to a cellular lysis. They have the advantage of being non-corrosive in the near-neutral pH. Because they are surface active compounds, they are mostly foam which will limit their use.

  • Peracetic acid : Formed from acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide, it has an oxidizing action on the molecular bonds leading to the destruction of cells. It is not corrosive for metals when it has been diluted in distilled or reverse osmosis water . However, it is very corrosive with chlorinated water.

  • Biguanides : They alter the permeability of cellular membranes of microorganisms. Chlorhexidine is the best known in this family and is often used as an antiseptic. The advantage of Biguanides is that they are slightly toxic and non-corrosive.

  • Alcohols : Ethanol and isopropanol are the most used. Their action requires the presence of water with an optimal concentration to 70%. The advantage is that they are "self-drying" and have no effect on most surfaces. However, they can lead to clouding of acrylate surfaces (Plexiglas...).

  • Chlorine Dioxide : It has an action on the transport of nutrients across the cell wall. This is an oxidant as effective as Chlorine compounds with a higher spectrum efficiency and it can destroy biofilms.
The spectrum of activity of the disinfectants :

Products Bactericidal Fongicidal Virucidal Sporicidal
Peracetic acid +++ +++ +++ +++
Alcohol ++ +
Aldehydes +++ +++ +++ +++
Alkylamines +++ +++ ++
Quaternary Ammonium compounds +++ +++ ++
Biguanides ++ + +
Chlorine +++ ++ ++ ++
Chlorine Dioxide
+++ +++ +++ +++

Products and materials incompatibilities :

Materials Products
Resins Phenols
Silicones Alcohols
Plexiglas Alcohols
Polycarbonates Alcohols
Aluminium Alloys
Phosphoric acid
Aluminium Alloys
Alkaline pH > 12

 
 

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